Immunology and Cell Biology

Neuroimmunology

Neuroimmunology is a branch of immunology that combines the study of the immune system with neuroscience, the study of the neurological system. Understanding the interconnections between these two intricate systems during development, homeostasis, and injury response is a goal of neuroimmunologists. Our understanding of the pathology of several neurological illnesses, some of which have no obvious cause, will be further developed as a long-term goal of this rapidly evolving scientific field. Thus, neuroimmunology aids in the creation of novel pharmaceutical therapies for a number of neurological disorders. The neurological and immunological systems interact in a variety of ways, such as when they function physiologically together in health and sickness, when one or both of them fails and causes problems, and when physical, chemical, and environmental stresses are present. Immune activity is modulated by neurotransmitters such acetylcholine, norepinephrine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, element P, and histamine. The cytokine balance is normalised by neuroendocrine hormones such leptin, corticotrophin-releasing factor, and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone.