Immunology and Cell Biology

Human Vaccines-Infectious and Non-Infectious

A vaccine is an inactivated style of bacteria or virus that's injected into the body to simulate an actual infection. Because the injected microorganisms are 'dead,' they do not cause an individual to become sick. Instead, vaccines stimulate an immunologic response by the body that may fight back that style of illness. It covers communicable disease targets and non-infectious disease targets. Generating vaccine-mediated protection may be a complex challenge. Currently available vaccines have largely been developed empirically, with little or no understanding of how they activate the system. Their early protective efficacy is primarily conferred by the induction of antigen-specific antibodies. However, there's more to antibody-mediated protection than the height of vaccine-induced antibody titers.