8^th European Immunology Conference

Biography

Biography: Pierre-Yves Robillard

Abstract

Eclampsia (together with epilepsy) being the first disease ever written down since the beginning of writings in mankind 5000 years ago, we will make a brief presentation of the different major steps in comprehension of  Pre-eclampsia. 1) 1840. Rayer, description of proteinuria in eclampsia, 2) 1897 Vaquez,  discovery of gestational hypertension (1 year after the invention of the inflatable arm band in 1896 by a young 31 year-old Italian physician Riva-Rocci) in eclamptic women, 3)  In the  1970’s, description of the “double” trophoblastic invasion existing only in humans (Brosens & Pijnenborg,), 4) between the 1970’s and the 1990’s, description of preeclampsia being a couple disease. The “paternity problem” (and therefore irruption of immunology), 5) at the end of the 1980’s, a major step forward: Preeclampsia being a global endothelial cell disease (glomeruloendotheliosis, hepatic or cerebral vascularitis, HELLP, eclampsia), inflammation  ( J.Roberts. C Redman, R Taylor), 6) End of the 1990’s: Consensus for a distinction between early onset preeclampsia EOP and late onset LOP (34 weeks gestation), EOP being rather a problem of implantation of the trophoblast (and the placenta), LOP being rather a pre-existing maternal problem (obesity, diabetes, coagulopathies etc…). LOP is predominant everywhere on this planet, but enormously predominant in developed countries (those who publish and have the means to do research): 90% of cases. This feature is very different in countries where women have their first child very young (88% of world births), where the fatal EOP (early onset) occurs in more than 30% of cases. 7) and finally, we will approach the current stage in 2017: What is the common factor which could explain the maternal global endotheliosis in EOP and LOP?. Presentation of the inositol phosphor glycans P type.