Alexandra Emelyanova
The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow
Title: Released-active antibodies are innovative products for the effective management of severe respiratory viral infections
Biography
Biography: Alexandra Emelyanova
Abstract
Statement of the problem: viral respiratory infections represent one of the main threats to human health. Antibodies-based therapy is a modern trend for combating viral infections, restricted by challenging administration and manufacturing. Our entirely new approach is to use antibodies (Abs) to immune regulators in a specific technological form, capable of surmounting these drawbacks. We found that after the initial Abs substance gradual consequent concentration’ decrease a specific activity releases (released-activity – RA) which is not to directly neutralize the target, but to modify it. E.g., RA Abs to IFNg and RA Abs to CD4 stimulate non-specific and specific immunity, while RA Abs to histamine influence anti-inflammatory network. These Abs’ use demonstrated efficacy in experimental studies of major viral respiratory infections. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: RA Abs to IFNg were evaluated sole using standard models of influenza A/H1N1pdm09 (Oseltamivir resistant and sensitive strain), MERS-HCoV and RSV/Long infections in vitro; and in complex with RA Abs to histamine and RA Abs to CD4 against influenza A/H3N2 infection – in vivo. Findings: RA Abs have shown anti-influenza effect against its seasonal and pandemic strains, 2 times increasing the survival, and 10 times lowering virus titer (p<0.05) in vivo; enhancing Oseltamivir antiviral effect (in combination with RA Abs), decreasing viral copies number (Oseltamivir-sensitive strain) >100 times vs Oseltamivir alone (p<0.05) in vitro. For the resistant strain Oseltamivir showed no effect alone, but in combination with RA Abs – a significant (>1000 times, p<0.05) virus titer decrease was found. Drugs’ antiviral effect against other severe respiratory viruses is represented at the Image (p<0.05). Conclusion & Significance: our fundamentally new approach to Abs’ therapeutic use not only offers an opportunity to safely and effectively treat a wide spectrum of infections even the most dangerous, but also to increase the existing drugs’ efficacy via their conjoin application with RA Abs.